Extraction /(?)/

Ex·trac·tion

Extraction

n.
  1. The act of extracting, or drawing out; as, the extraction of a tooth, of a bone or an arrow from the body, of a stump from earth, of a passage from a book, of an essence or tincture.
  2. Derivation from a stock or family; lineage; descent; birth; the stock from which one has descended.
  3. That which is extracted; extract; essence.
    They [books] do preserve as in a vial the purest efficacy and extraction of that living intellect that bred them.

Phrases & Compounds
The extraction of roots
The operation of finding the root of a given number or quantity.